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Page 45
Wheels
andTyres.
D
The car is equipped with tubeless radial tyres
which provideoptimum handling and roadholding under most drivingconditions.
Fitting and repair of tubelesstyres should be
entrusted to a specialisttyre workshop.
The tyres have"wear warners". When the
tread pattern is worn down to 1/16 inch (1.6
mm), unpatterned cross bars appear. This is a
signal that it is time to change the tyres.
Wheel Changing
The tool kit and jack are stored in the luggage
compartment. The spare wheel is stored upright
in the luggagecompartment.
To jack up the car, e.g. to change a wheel or
to inspect the brakes,install t11ejack in one of
the jacking points (front or rear) located underneath the sill beams(see illustration).
If a garagejack is used, the lifting heads must
be located under the reinforcedparts of the unTyre pressures
derbody.
Check the tyre pressuresregularly.
Nevercrawl under the car when it isjacked up.
Overi_nnatedtyres give a bumpy ride and wear I. Apply the handbrake. Slide the jack into the
excessivelyat the centre of the tread. Underinattachment points and crank it down until it
flated tyres suffer heavy wear on the shoulders
touches the ground.
and may cause the car to sway when cornering.
A correctly inflated tyre wearsevenlyand
grips the road over tl,e fuUwidth of the tread
and thus assistsgood roadholding.
Rotation of wheels and tyres
The front-wheeldrive causes the front tyres
to wear more than the rear tyres. If it is desired
to have the tyres wear evenly, they should be
changed round after a certain period of driving
so that the least worn tyres are at the front. By
switchingthe tyres in this manner, the service
life of all four tyres will remain approximately
equal. Makesure that the tyres-arealways rotated in the same direction - the left front wheel
should thus change place with the left rear wheel.
Positioningof jack
•
I
42 Wheelsand Tyres.
Page 46
2. Remove the hub cap by inserting a screwdriver
behind the hub cap and prize off.
3. Back off the wheel nuts half a turn. Check
that the jack has located properly against the
flange on the sill beam and that the whole of
the base is firmly in contact with the ground.
4. Jack up the car until the wheel is clear of
the ground, then remove the wheel nuts and
the wheel.
5. Mount the wheel and tighten the wheel nuts
loosely. Check that the wheel and nuts are cOr•
rectly positioned.
N.B. The spare wheel in cars fitted with aluminium wheels as standard is of steel. Since different wheel nuts are required for steel wheels
and aluminium wheels, the appropriate nuts for
the steel wheel are supplied in the tool kit. Never use the standard wheel nuts to secure the
spare (steel) wheel.
6. Lower the car. Tighten the wheel nuts in the
order shown in the illustration below.
If something
goeswrong.
n
~
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Conical wheel nut
for steel wheel
-~
S 5983
Flanged wheel nut
Orderof tighteningwheel nuts
for aluminium wheel
•
J
If something goes wrong. 43
Page 47
n
Trouble Shooting
NOTE
If for some reason (such as engine
trouble, flat tyre or accident) the car has
to be left at the side of the road in a rural
or sparselypopulated area and cannot be
movedat once, the warningflashersshould
be switched on.
Carbureted engine
Enginefails to start even though turned over
by starter at normal speed.
To get the enginestarted quickly, it is most
important to follow the starting instructions.
a. Check that there is fuel in the tank and that
the chargeindicator lamp lights up when the ignition is switchedon.
b. Check that the fuel pump is feedingfuel by
disconnectingthe fuel hose at the carburetor
and letting the starter turn the engine a few
limes (without depressingthe acceleratorpedal).
c. Removea spark plug and reconnect the lead.
Earth the plug and run the starter motor. If the
ignitionsystem is functioning properly, a powerful spark will be visible.
44 If somethinggoes wrong.
d. If only a feeble spark is obtained, or none at
all, check whether the ignitioncables are properly pluggedinto the distributor cap and ignition coil. Check the low-voltageconnections to
the ignitioncoil.
e. Removethe distributor cap and wipe off any
moisture. Check th.atthe cap is not cracked and
that the breaker points open when the engine is
turned over. Clean the contact surfaces.
f. If the engine has been turned over for some
time without firing, fuel may have nooded the
cylindersand wetted the spark plugs. Unscrew
the spark plugs and blow the cylindersclean by
turning the engine over on the starter. Dry the
plugsand check that the electrode gap is correct,
or fit new plugs if available.
Engine misfires,power is lost or engineruns
roughly.Check that:
a. None of the ignitioncables has come loose.
b. None of the spark plugs is defectiveor in
need of adjustment.
c. There is no arcing in the ignitionsystem.
d. There is good contact in the low-voltageconnections to the ignitioncoil.
e. The carburetor has not iced up (may happen
in damp weather).
f. The oil levelin the carburetor damper is not
too low.
g. The rubber diaphragmof the carburetor vacuum piston is intact.
Chargeindicator lamp fails to light up when
ignitionis switched on. Possiblereasons:
a. Battery is Oat or a battery cable has worked
loose.
b. The charge indicator light fuse has blown.
c. Poor cable contact at the ignitionswitch or
the charge indicator light.
d. Burnt-out light bulb.
Chargeindicator lamp l.ightsup when engine
is running. Possiblereasons:
a. Brokenor slack alternator drive belt.
b. Defect in voltage regulalOr.
c. Defect in alternator.
Battery flat. Possiblereasons:
a. Slippingalternator drive belt.
b. Electrolytelevel too low.
c. Frequent use of high-drainequipment, e.g.
parkingheater, combined with short journeys.
d. Defect in voltage regulatoror alternator.
Page 48
Injection engine
Engine fails to start even though cranked by
starter at normal speed.
a. Check that there is fuel in the tank and that
tJ1echarge indicator lamp lights up when the ig•
nilion is switched on.
b. Remove a spark plug and reconnect the lead.
Earth the plug and run the starter motor. If the
ignition system is functioning properly, a power•
ful spark will be visible.
c. lf only a feeble spark is obtained, or none at
all, check whether the ignition cables are proper•
ly plugged into the ignition coil and the distributor cap. Check the low-voltage connections to
the ignition coil.
d. Remove the distributor cap and wipe off any
moisture. Check that the cap is not cracked and
that the breaker points open when the engine is
cranked. Clean the contact surfaces.
e. lf the engine has been cranked for some time
without firing, fuel may have flooded the cylinders and wetted the spark plugs. Unscrew the
spark plugs and blow tJ1ecylinders clean by turning the engine over on the starter. Dry the plugs
and check that the electrode gap is correct, or
fit new plugs if available.
If the engine still refuses to start, check the
fuel system.
a. Check that the filler cap for the engine oil is
tightly in place and that the dipstick is all the
way down.
b. Check that the fuse for the electric fuel
pump is intact (fuse No. JI). Scrape off any
oxide deposits by rotating the fuse in its holder
a few turns.
c. Have a passenger check that lhe fuel pump is
working by listening in the luggage compartment
when the. starter motor is actuated.
d. Check che cable connection to the fuel pump
(accessible through a panel in the floor of the
luggage compartment).
e. Check that none of the hoses in the fuel sys•
tem has come loose.
Enginemisfires,power is lost or engine runs
roughly. Check that:
a. None of the ignition cables has worked loose.
b. None of the spark plugs is defective or in need
of adjustment.
c. There is no arcing in the ignition system.
d. There is good contact in the low-voltage connections to the ignition coil.
e. None of the injection valve cables has
worked loose.
f. Check that the filler cap for the engine oil is
tightly in place and that the dipstick is all the
way down.
Charge indicator lamp fails to light up when
ignition is ,witcl1ed on. Possible causes:
a. Fiat battery or loose battery cable.
b. The charge indicator light fuse has blown.
c. Poor wiring contact at ignition switch or
charge indicator lamp.
d. Burnt-out light bulb.
Charge indicator lamp lights up when engine
is running. Possible causes:
a. Broken or slack alternator drive belt.
b. Defect in voltage regulator.
c. Defect in alternator.
Battery is flat. Possible reasons:
a. Slipping alternator drive belt.
b. Low electrolyte level in battery.
c. Frequent use of high-drain equipment, e.g.
parking heater, combined with short journeys.
d. Defect in voltage regulator or alternator.
Jf something goes wrong. 45
n
Page 49
Towing
The car is equipped with towing lugs at front
and rear. They are located at the bumper allachment points.
If a car with automatic transmission has to
be towed, the following rules must be observed:
I. The selector must be at N.
2. The transmission case must be filled with oil
to the correct level.
3. National speed limits for vehicles on tow
must of course be complied with. Subject to
these limits. the maximum safe towing speed
for cars with automatic transmission is 25 mph
{40 km/h).
4. The maximum recommended towing distance is 25-30 miles ( 40 50 km). If the car has
to be towed any greater distance, the front
wheels must be lifted off the ground.
Refue11•
1ng.
S. An engine with automatictransmissioncan•
not be started by towing or pushing.
m
'
Towing lug1 front
Towing lug, rear
k
46 Refucll ing.
Page 50
•
Fuel
Recommended uciane number 97. Fuel lank
capaci1y 12.8 imp gallons (58 lilres) in cars wi1h
carburelor enginesand 12.1 imp gallons (55 litres) in cars wi1h injeclion engines. The fuel
warning lamp will glow when there is less 1han
abuu1 2 imp gallons (10 litres) left in the tank.
Engine oil
The oil level should be between the MAX and
MIN marks on the oil dips1ick.The distance be•
tween the marks corresponds 10 a volume of
approx. I quart (I li1re).Top up with engine oil
confor111i11g
IO Se,vicc SE, API system. The
most sui1ablcgrade of oil is SAE IO IV 30 or
JO W 40. If neilher of theseviscosities is available, SAE 15 IV 40 or 15 W 50 may also be used.
If outdoor temperatures regularly fall below
-4°f (-20°C), oil with a viscosity of SAE 5 W 20
or 5 W 30 should be used.
Oil dipstick
II
97
Tank cap, Saab 99 Sedan
Tank c-ap,Sa3b 99 Combi CoupC
Oil rniercap
Refuelling. 4 7