Page 31
Fuel System
The engine is equipped with a Zenith carbu•
retor or with a Bosch continuous fuel injection
system.
The fuel tank is located underneath the car
between the rear wheels. The electric fuel level
transmitter is mounted on the top of the tank.
Air cleaner
D
The air cleaner is located on the left-hand
side in the front part of the engine compart•
ment. The cleaner cartridge is replaceable and
should be changed every 30 000 miles (48 000
km) or every two years, whichever comes first.
If the car is driven over dusty roads, the cleaner
should be changed more frequently. The cartridge is made of a special grade of paper which
may not be washed or moistened, but it may be
cleaned carefully with compressed air. The air
cleaner housing and cover should be wiped off
from time to time.
The air cleaner is equipped with U1ennos1ati•
calJy controlled preheating.
Fuel pump
In cars wiU1carburetor engines, the fuel pump,
which is located on the left-hand side of U1eengine, is equipped wiU1a filter which can be removed for cleaning once the cover has been removed. The filter should be cleaned at the inter•
vals recommended in the service programme or
in the event of the presence of dirt in the fuel
supply being suspected. When refitting the filter,
ensure that U1egasket is properly in position between the cover and the filter.
In cars with injection engines, the fuel pump
is electric and located in the fuel tank. The fuel
filter is located on the left-hand side in the engine compartment and should be changed as specified in U1eservice programme.
TurboSystem
The turbo compressor is designed to increase
the supply of air to the cylinders. An increase of
air to the cylinder implies Uiat Ute engine can
burn more fuel on each stroke, thereby producing a h.igher output than that of a conventional
engine.
,.
8
5
3
1
2
(,
Turbo system
1. Turbo compressor
6. Throttle valve
2. Turbine wheeJ
7. Inlet manifold
3. Jmpeller
8. Mixture conlrul unit
4. Chargepressureregulator 9. Exhaustmanifold
5. PressureS\vitch
10. Exhaust pipe
28 Power Unit.
Page 32
The turbo compressor is driven by the engine
exhaust gases.The exhaust gas now causesthe
turbine wheel in the compressorunit to rotate.
Since the turbine wheel and the impellerin the
compressorare mounted on a common shaft,
they rotate at the same speed.The impelleris
located in the induction system and through
rotation it increasesthe pressureof the induced
air. Becausethe turbo unit is driven by the ex•
haust gasesfrom the engine, the speed of the
compressorand, consequently, the charging
pressure,are matched automatically to the
speed of the engine and the engineloading.
However,a charge pressureregulatorcontrols
the now of exhaust gasesto the turbine wheel
once a preset load has been reached, thereby
limiting the chargingpressure.
The engine is equipped with an air-cooledoil
cooler for cooling of the enginelubricatingoil.
The cooling air is admitted through a duct in
the spoiler.
Transmission
The transmissionand differential are located
P
Saab 99 Tur~o
beneath the engineand assembledto form an
integralunit with the engine.Part of the transmissioncase servesas the engineoil sump. The
Pl!
D
OiJdipstick, manual trans- Oil filling and levcl plug,
miss.ion
Oil level plug,final drive,automatictransmission
aurom:atictransmission
Drain plu~, manual transmission
Drainplugs,automa«ictransmission
l. Engine. 2. Transmission.
1. Engine. 2. Final drive.
PowerUnit. 29
Page 33
forward part of the transmissionis a primary
gear deliveringpower from the engine to the
gearbox.
m
Locationof dipstick.,automaticuan.smission
Dipstick,automatictransmiss.ion
The car is equipped with a 4-speed, fully synchronized manual transmissionor with a 3-speed
automatic transmission.
See the serviceprogram for details of oil
changingand oil levelchecking.
A special wrenchis required for the uansmission drain plugs.This is to avoidconfusion between the engineand transmissiondrain plugs.
The dipstick on the automatic transmission
has different markingsfor hot and cold oil levels.
Check the oil levelas follows:
1. Have the engine idle for a few minutes with
the selector at P.
2. Check that the oil levelis between l11emaximum and minimum marks on the dipstick. The
distance between the marks is equivalentto I
quart ( 1 litre) of oil.
3. Oil is refilledthrough the pipe in which the
dipstick is located.
4. After topping up, aJlowthe engine to idle
again for a few minutes and then recheck the
level.
Usea nylon rag, lint-free paper or chamois
leather to wipe off the dipstick - do not use
rags that may leavefluff on the dipstick.
The most scrupulouscleanlinessmust be observedduring filling.
ln R.H.D.-carswith manual transmission,the
clutch fluid container should be well filled with
a recommendedbrake fluid (see section K). In
L.H.D.-cars,the hydraulic fluid for operation of
the clutch is suppliedfrom the hydraulicfluid
container for the brake system. See section G.
Brakes.
Steering.
g
30 Brakes.Steering.
Page 34
The car has two mutually independent brake
systems; the footbrake or driving brake, which
is hydraulic and acts on all four wheels, and the
handbrake or parking brake, which is mechanical and acts on the front wheels.
The footbrake system has two separate circuits. The master cylinder acts simultaneously
but independently on each diagonally opposed
pair of wheels, i.e. right front+ left rear and
left front+ right rear. This means that if the
system is damaged and starts to leak brake fluid,
braking effect will still be available in two diagonally opposed wheels.
The front wheel cylinder has a larger bore
than the rear wheel cylinder with the result that
braking power is greater on the front wheels.
This reduces tl1e risk of the back wheels locking.
The footbrake system is equipped with a ser•
vo system wltich boosts pedal power during braking. A brake warning light is located on the instrument panel. This lights up when the hand-
brake is applied, or in the event of insufficient
fluid in the brake fluid cont:ainer. If the light
goes on during driving, the problem should be
traced immediately and necessary repairs should
be carried out by an autl10rized Saab dealer.
Leakage in one of the brake circuits is also manifested by the fact that the brake pedal must be
depressed farther than normal and u,at the car
tends to pull to one side when the brakes are
applied.
Both the footbrake and the handbrake are
self-adjusting. It is therefore impossible to tell
when the brake linings are worn out and need
to be replaced by noting an abnonnally long
pedal stroke. Consequently, it is very in1portant
to check the thickness of the brake linings regularly as specified in the service programme.
Brake pads should always be changed by an
authorized Saab workshop. Fit only original
Saab brake pads.
Topping up brake fluid
Check that the brake fluid container is well
rdled. Do not use inferior brake fluids, as these
attack the rubber seals and endanger the functioning of the brake system. Even the best grade
of brake fluid, however, eventually deteriorates
through oxidation and absorption of water. The
fluid should tJ,e.refore be changed after 30 000
miles (48 000 km) or al intervals of two years.
This should be done by an authorized Saab dealer.
II
'I
Containers
l, Expansion tank, radlator. 2. R.H.O.•cars:Br-akc
fluid container, L.H.O.--cars:
Brakeand dutch Ouid
container.
Brakes. Steering. 31
Page 35
Steering
On some models, tl1e steering gear, which is
of rack• and-pinion typo, is power assisted to
make the steering lighter at low speeds. The oil
level in the power steering Ouid container
(mounted on the left wheel housing) should be
checked as recommended in the service programme. The oil should be level with the lower part
of the strainer. Use automatic transmissionoil
for topping up. See the specifications in section
Electrical
System.
0.
Alternator
The alternator is located at the top of tl1e en•
gine by the bulkhead. It is driven by a V-belt
from a pulley on the crankshaft. It is imponant
that U1eV-belt be properly tensioned. If the belt
is too slack, it can be tigh tencd by loosening U1e
screws I and 2 (see illustration) and pressing tl1c
alternator outwards. The belt should be tensioned
so that it can be pressed down about 1/2 inch
(1 cm) by a force of3.S lb(l.S kp).
GI
'l
Olecklng a.lcemacor
belt tension
Powerrtec:rfngfluid contlllne,
h
32 Electrical System.
Page 36
Battery
•!
The balle,y is one of the most imporlant
components In U,e car and must therefore be
carefully maintained. Always check the ba11e,y
when you stop to refuel the car. The electrolyte
should be level wiU1 the lower edgeof the filler
pipes. Top up as necessary using distilled water
only .
You should check the state of charge from
time to time. Check that the bme,y is securely
retained and that the terminal clamps and earth
connections are properly tightened. Grease the
earth screws and clamps with vaseline to prevent
oxidation.
Avoid prolonged and heavy discharge of the
batte,y. When making repeated attempts to start
the engine give the battery a cho.nceto "recover"
WARNING
Do not misconnect the batte,y. IC the
cable connectionsare re,·ersed,even momentarily, this will damage the rectifiers.
The insulated positive cable must be con•
nected to the positive(+) terminal of U1e
batte,y and the earth cable to the ncp•
live(-) terminal. If a spare batte,y is tem•
porarily connected across the car batte.ry,
e.g. to as.sist starting, the connection must
be made positive to positive and nepm·e
to negative. The batte,y must not be connected up to or disconnected from the
electrical system of the car while the en•
gine is running, During rapid charging the
positive batte,y cable must be disconnected.
Spark Plugs
The recommended spark plugs must be used
in order to obtain maximum power output from
the engine. If the electrode gap must be adjusted,
make the adjustment on the side electrode.
NOTE! If the spark plua,s are removed, be
,-ery careful to see that no dirt enters the cylinders.
The order of firing is 1-3-4 2 (cylinder No.
I at rear of engine).
m
between discharges.
Start u.sistance with a spa.re battery
Position or ignicion cables
Electrical System. 33
)
Page 37
r
Windshield Wipers
and Washers,
Headlight Wipers
andWashers
Changing the windshield wiper blade rubber
Free the blade rubber from retainer I (see
illustration) by sliding it in the direction of the
arrow. After this, slide the rubber in the oppO·
site direction until retainer 2 can be freed at the
groove. The rubber can then be withdrawn from
retainers 3. To fit a new rubber, proceed in the
Wipers
Inspect and clean the rubber blades of the
reverseorder.
windshield• and headlight wipers at regula1 inter•
vals. Methylated spirit is recommended for clean•
• Changing the headlight wiper blade
ing. If the blades show signs of wear, they should
Remove the lock ring on the wiper arm and
be replaced.
slide off the blade. Fit in reverse order.
Washers
The washer fluid container is mounted on the
right hand side in the engine compartment. Al·
ways top up with clean liquid and keep the con•
tainer free from dirt.
lf the washer jets become clogged or do not
direct Utejets in Ute desired direction U1eycan
be cleaned and adjusted by means of a pin, for
example. The jets are mounted in movable balls
and can be set to Ute desired position.
,,
I
Changing the wiper blades
Lift up the wiper a.rm. Prise up the shiny
spring by means of your thumb-nail or a small
screw~river (see illustration). Withdraw the old
wiper blade. Slide on a new blade and ensure
that it is locked in position by the spring,
m
,J
' "' .....
..._,,..
~,,,,,,
~,~.
..
Removing the windshield wiper blade
34 Electrical System.
Removing the wiper blade rubber
Location of washer fluid container
I. WasherOuid container. 2. Battery...,c
e
.
Page 38
Changing light bulbs
Headlights
Open tlle bonnet and disconnect ilie tenninal block and rubber cap behind the headlight.
Twist ilie bayonet grip to the left and pull out
me bulb holder. Exchange me faulty bulb, being
careful not to touch the glass with the fingers.
Reassemble, making sure that the three guide
lugs are properly seated arnd that the bayonet
ring engages the three studs so that the bulb
comes in its proper position. Refit U1etem1inal
block, making sure that the rubber cap fits snugly against the reflector, with the ventilation hole
at the bottom.
Headlights,
Bulbs, Fuses
The halogen headlights are mounted in the
front body section and are provided with two
adjustment screws which are accessible through
holes in the headlight trim. The upper screw is
used for lateral adjustment and the lower screw
for vertical adjustment.
It is extremely important that the headlights
are adjusted correctly - both vertically and laterally - to achieve U1ebest possible lighting effect wilhout any risk of blinding olher drivers.
Instrument illumination, switch illumination
and indicator warning lights
All of the bulbs in the instrument assembly
are mounted in bayonet fittings and are accessible from ilie rear of me instrument panel once
the safety padding has been removed. To facilitate changing bulbs for warning lights and switch
illumination, loosen and pull the instrument panel slightly forward. The switch illumination bulb
is located at the rear of ilie panel below ilie
speedometer. To change I.he bulb for the heater
control and glove compartment illumination, remove the cover in the glove compartment.
Changing other light bulbs
Undo the retaining screws and remove the
glass. Press ilie bulb, twist it anticlockwise and
U,en remove it. Fit a new bulb and make sure
that it is secure and making good contact. The
parking light/corner light bulb is a two-wire
bulb and must be fitted in the correct position.
Wipe Ute bulb and reflector with a soft cloth
C
Adjustmentscrewsand bulbs
1. Adjustmentscrews,headlight. 2. Bulb, directionindicator. 3. Bulb,parkinglighl and cornerlight.
O,anging bulb, headlight
Electrical System. 35
m
Page 39
r
and replace the glass, making sure that the edges
are properly sealed.
1
2
4
3
5
m
Bulbs,rearlight,Saab99 Sedan
I. Numberplate light. 2. Reversing
light. 3. Direetion
indicator.4. Brakelight. 5 and 6. Tail light.
Fuses
The fuses are mounted in a fuse box under
the bonnet on the rigl1t-handwheel housing. A
label is provided next to the fuse box to show
the parts of the electrical system protected by
each fuse. A separate fuse for the headlight wipers is located in a holder next to the fuse box.
See the illustration.
If a circuit goes dead but the fuse is intact,
the cause may be a bad contact in the fuse holder or a faulty cable connection. Check these
points to make sure they are not oxidised and
that terminals are tightly secured. When fitting
a new fuse, make sure it is of the correct rating,
See section 0.
If the same fuse blows repeatedly, take the
car lo a Saab dealer as soon as possible for insulation testing of wiring and equipment.
Wiring Diagrams
BL
BR
GL
GN
GR
RD
SV
VT
BL/VT
BR/VT
GN/VT
RD/VT
4
►
GR
Blue
Brown
Yellow
Green
Grey
Red
Black
White
Blue/while
Brown/white
Green/white
Red/white
1.5
fcable area in mm2
Colour of cable
Cable ref. No.
I.
2.
4.
5.
6.
8.
Bulbs,teu light,Saab99 CombiCoupe
1. Directionindicator.2. Reversing
light. 3. Tail light.
4. Brakelight.
36 Electrical System.
Fuses
I. Fuse box. 2. Fuse, headlightwashers.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Batlery (82)
Alternator (83)
Starter motor (82)
Ignition coil (BS)
Ignition distributor (AS)
Ligllling relay (C7)
Headlight dimmer/flasher switch (F9)
Light switch (CS)
Higl1beam (81, El)
Low beam (Bl, El)
Front parking light (Al, Fl)
Tail ligl11(A 13, Fl3)
Number plate light (Al2, Al 3, Fl3)
l
Page 40
16.
Rheostal swilch, inslrurncnl panel illuminalion ((' 11)
17. Swilch ligh1 {DI I)
18. lnstnnnent panel lighl (DI I)
19. Glove comparlment and heater control
ligh1s (El I)
20. lgnilion switch (89)
21. lgnilion swilch relay (B6)
22. Fuse box (Cl 3, DS, D13)
23. Direction indicator nasher unit (F 10)
24. Dircclion indicalor swi1ch (DI O)
25. llazard warning Oasher switch (DI O)
27. Direction indicator ligh1s, L (FI, Fl 3)
28. Direc1ion indica1or lights, R {A I, A 13)
29. Brake ligh1 swilch (E 11)
30. Brake lighls {A 13, FI 3)
31. Reversing light switch (E 12)
32. Reversing ligh1s (A 13, F 13)
33. Choke warning ligh1 (CI 0)
34. Choke comrol switch((' 10)
35. Yentila1or fan swi1ch (FI I)
36. Ycnlila1or fan motor (F 12)
37. Radiator fan motor (DI)
38, Radiator fan relay (ll6)
39. Radiator fan thermostat switch (E2)
40. Horn (DI, El)
41. Morn swilch (08)
42. Brake warning switch (El 1)
43. Handbrake swi1ch (C9)
44. Oil warning switch (A2)
45. Tcmpcralure Lransmiller (A2)
46. Fuel level transmi11er (C 12)
47. Combina1ion inslrument (C9): foci gauge,
fuel warning light, temperamre gauge. oil
warning light, charging ligh1, brake warning light, high beam indica1or light, direc1ion indicalor light
48.
49.
Cigarclle lighter {C 11)
Clock (Cl I)
so. Dome lighl, door pillar (A 10)
SJ. Dome light, rear view mirror {AJO)
52. Ignition swi1ch lighl (A9)
53. lnlerior lighting swi1ch (A9)
54. Door swi1ch, inlerior lighling (A9, A I I,
Ill I)
55. Luggage compartment lighl (A 10)
56. Luggage compartment light swilch (A 10)
57. 3-poleconnecior(AIO,
812, Fl I)
58. 12-poleconnec1or(A4, 89. Bl I, CS, D8,
014, E2, E12)
59, 2-pole connec1or (A 7, A9, 02, 0 I I, O I 2,
F6, F7)
60.
I-pole connector (A 7, A9, BIO, 812, Cl 2,
03, £4, E7)
6 I. Wiper system swilch (09, 014)
62. Windshield wiper motor (D13, F4)
63. Washer molor (E13, F4)
64. Seal heating element wilh thennostat {A6)
65. Fuse holder, headlighl wiper {C4)
66. Headlight wiper mo1or (E3. F3)
67. Relay, headlight wiper 11101or(84)
69. Scat conlacl (A8)
70. Seal belt contac1, L (AS)
7 l. Seal bell con1ac1. R (A8)
72. Lamp, seal bel1 warning system (Dl2)
73. Service ou1let, igni1ion (D4)
74. Resistance, low speed, ven1ila1or fan (Fl I)
83. ln1erval relay, wipers (08, D 13)
89. S1an inhibitor relay (C4)
90. Start inhibi1or and reversing light switch
(C2)
91. Selector indicator lighl (C9)
92. 11,ermo lime swi1ch (A3)
94.
95.
96.
102.
103.
110.
113.
115.
I 16.
117.
118.
I 21.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
130.
131.
137.
142.
144.
146.
147.
151.
157.
158.
Staner valve (A4)
Auxiliary air regulator (82)
Wanning-up regulalor (A2)
Fuel pump relay (CS)
Fuel pump (C 12)
Tachometer (Cl I)
Relay, electrically heated rear window
(D6)
Elecirically healed rear window (D 12)
Swilch. elec1rically heated rear window
(A 11)
Swilch, corner lamp (CS, 08)
Cornerlamp(Al,
Fl)
Seat contact, heating elemenl (AS)
8-pole conncc1or {F7)
4-pole connec1or (FS, F7, F9)
Switch, electrically cor11r0Uedexternal
rear-view mirror, L (FS)
Swilch, electrically conlrolled external
rear-view mirror, R (F9)
Electrically conlrolled external rear-view
mirror, L (F4)
Electrically controlled external rear-view
mirror, R (F8)
Loudspeaker, R (F8)
Loudspeaker, L (F6)
Throllle valve switch (El I)
Solenoid valve (£3)
Pressure swilch (85)
Electronic con1rol unit, ignition system
(A6)
Compensating resis1or (A4)
Speed 1ransmi11er{El I)
Spark plugs (AS)
Joint, earlh cable (D6, E13)
Electrical System. 37
m