Page 111
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MAIN SYSTEM, TRANSITION SYSTEM, SECONDARY STAGE
1. Air jet, transition system, secondary stage
2. Air jet, main system
3. Spray pipe
4. Fuel/air passage, transition system
5. Fuel jet, transition system, secondary stage
6. Main jet
7. Throttle valve
8. Emulsion pipe
| = Primary stage
Il = Secondary stage
Nov 1977
Page 112
MAIN SYSTEM, FULL-LOAD
1. Spray pipe
2. Air jet
3. Spray pipe
4. Throttle valve
5. Emulsion pipe
6. Main jet
7. Main jet
8. Emulsion pipe
9. Throttle valve
| = Primary stage
il = Secondary stage
Nov 1
77
Page 113
Acceleration system
When the throttle is opened quickly,
plied with additional fuel by means o
system. The system operates in the p
comprises a diaphragm pump which i
throttle.
Fuel to the acceleration system flows from the float
the engine is sup-
f the acceleration
rimary Stage and
S regulated by the
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ACCELERATION SYSTEM
1. Non-return valve
2. Spray pipe, acceleration system
3. Air jet, main system
4. Float
5. Float valve
6. Fuel pipe
7. Pressure reducing pipe
8. Diaphragm spring
Febr 1977
chamber through an inlet valve in the acceleration pump.
Pump strokes cause the inlet valve to close, and the fuel
is forced through the outlet valve at a spray pipe into the
throat of the carburetor. When the injection ceases, the
outlet valve closes, the diaphragm returns to its normal
position, and fuel from the open inlet valve once again
fills the pump.
9. Throttle valve
10. Main jet
11. Calibration pin
12. Valve
13. Push rod
14. Lever
15. Cover
16, Pump diaphragm
| = Primary stage
200-31
Page 114
Booster system
To provide additional power at high engine speeds and
under heavy loads, there are two different systems which
supply additional fuel to the engine.
One of the systems operates in the primary stage and is
actuated by the vacuum ina recess in the throttle valve
section. When there is a high vacuum in the suction pipe,
a piston in the upper section of the carburetor is drawn
upwards. When the vacuum drops below a certain limit
owing to the wider throttle opening, a piston spring over-
comes the vacuum and forces the piston rod against the
needle valve, whereupon the valve opens. This permits ad-
ditional fuel to flow from the float chamber to the main
system of the primary stage.
The other booster system operates in the secondary stage
and is actuated by the vacuum in the upper part of the
carburetor throat. The system comes into operation when
the air velocity — and thus the vacuum in this part of the
throat — has become so high that fuel is drawn up from
the float chamber through a calibrated ascending pipe.
Vacuum valve (PVS-valve)
A thermo-regulated vacuum (positive vacuum supply)
valve is located in the coolant pipe from the engine. The
(oe)
0-0 3 seven
VACUUM CONTROL, DISTRIBUTOR
1, Carburetor
2, Vacuum valve
3. Distributor
200—32
function of this valve ts to regulate the vacuum in the
yacuum control unit of the distributor when the engine
is hot and idling. This will increase the ignition timing,
thereby reducing the temperature of the engine.
When the temperature of the coolant is below about 215°F
(104°C), the vacuum signal is regulated by the vacuum re-
cess in the primary stage of the carburetor.
In the event of the temperature of the coolant rising, the
passage from the primary recess is closed, and the distri-
butor will receive a vacuum signal from a recess in the
secondary stage instead. This signal is stronger since the
recess here is below the throttle valve, which implies an
increase in the setting of the ignition timing.
Throttle valve damper (Dash-pot valve)
A mechanical damping device is provided to ensure satis-
factory combustion during engine overrun. The damper
retards the return of the throttle valve from high engine
speed to idling speed.
THROTTLE VALVE DAMPER
Nov 1977
Page 115
AIR CLEANER
The air cleaner is mounted on top of tt i
both to clean the induction air a pot cient
cer.
The air cleaner cartridge is made of a Special grade of pa-
per which may not be washed or moistened. The only ser-
vice measures are blowing through with compressed air or
replacement of the cartridge.
To preheat the induction air in cold weather, the inlet of
the downward-pointing air cleaner snorkel can be placed
behind a special preheater plate, screwed to the exhaust
flange of the lefthand cylinder head. Winter position
should be used at permanent temperature below 50°F
(+10°C). In warmer weather, when preheating is no lon-
ger necessary, the upper part of the air cleaner is loosened
and turned so that the snorkel inlet comes in front of the
preheater plate.
ND INCL. MODEL
AIR CLEANER AIR INTAKE, UP TOA
1975 AND AS FROM MODEL 1977B
1. Position “Summer”
2. Position ‘Winter’
Febr 1977
During model 1972 an air cleaner made of plastic was In-
troduced. When altering the preheater position loosen
the clamp around the preheater snorkel and turn the
snorkel to the desired position.
As from model 1970 for the USA and on model 1976
and 1977 for Sweden, the cars are equipped with a ther-
mostatically controlled preheating valve. See section 232
AIR CLEANER, MODELS 1976 AND 1977
200-33
rene
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veeeeey
Page 116
COOLING SYSTEM
The cooling system is of Positive-pressure type with a cir-
culation pump. To ensure rapid heating up and a regular
working temperature, the cooling system is equipped with
a thermostat. This thermostat is placed in the front part
of the induction pipe. It opens when the engine reaches
normal working temperature.
The water pump is located on the righthand side of the
engine and is driven by the balance shaft belt pulley via
the fan belt.
When the pump is working, the water is forced through
: j i o the rear part of the cylin-
istribution pipe t
the water distr!
pe oa passed the engine, the water flows up by the
After
i f the thermostat and through a by-pass line to the
oa side of the pump. The cooling jacket of the auto-
Se dicks device and the heat exchanger are coupled
matic
i - line.
rallel with the by-pass
he procedure described above occurs when the engine
temperature is low and the thermostat is closed. When
the thermostat is open, the water will also circulate
through the radiator.
COOLING WATER CIRCULATION
1. Upper radiator connection, outlet
2. Thermostat
3, Automatic choke connection
4. Heat exchanger connection, inlet
5. Heat exchanger connection, outlet
6. Water distribution Pipe
7. By-pass line
8. Water pump
9. Lower radiator connection, inlet
200-34
eer 1977
Page 117
CRANKCASE VENTILATION
Engines up to and incl. engine No, 16 100 are i
with semi-enclosed crankcase ventilation, As ee
No. 16 101 the cars have a totally Sncican rom engine
tilation. Both systems are described below
Semi-enclosed crankcase ventilation
The air is admitted through the oil filler cap on the right
hand valve cover. It passes through the crankcase a z
via a hose is led to the air filter and on to the carburetor
without passing the air filter insert.
S 1390
SEMI-ENCLOSED CRANKCASE VENTILATION
Totally enclosed crankcase ventilation
The air is admitted through the air filter, where it passes
the filter insert, and via a flame guard and a hose is led
into the righthand valve cover. Through the crankcase,
the air is then led into the lefthand valve cover and on
via a hose to an intermediate flange beneath the carbu:
retor. In the intermediate flange there is a control valve
regulating the flow of air through the crankcase.
March 1979
d crankcase ven-
TOTALLY ENCLOSED CRANKCASE VENTILATION
1. Control vaive
When the engine is running, the flow through the valve
is governed by the vacuum in the inlet manifold. In the
event of the engine backfiring in the inlet manifold, the
valve will close, thereby preventing ignition from taking
place in the crankcase.
S 5657
CONTROL VALVE
200-35
see teeeE
seaneee
"
Page 118
EXHAUST SYSTEM
To satisfy the regulations governing exhaust emission on
certain markets, cars intended for these markets are
equipped with special exhaust emission systems.
The exhaust emission systems include the following:
— Exactly calibrated carburetor
(Sweden-version, as from model 1976)
— Deceleration system
(USA-version, as from model 1970 and Sweden-ver-
sion, as from model 1976)
— Distributor with double-acting vacuum control unit
(USA-version, as from model 1971)
— Distributor with double-acting vacuum control unit,
with only one side connected (Sweden-version, early
cars of model 1976)
— Thermostatically controlled preheating of intake air
(USA-version, as from model 1970 and Sweden-ver-
sion, as from model 1976)
mission control system and eva-
ustion exhaust e |
ree it, USA-version
porative loss control un
the exhaust emission control regulations
nded for this market have some cer-
om model 1971, these cars are fitted
with a charcoal filter, that absorbs the vapor from the
tank. The charcoal canister is placed in the engine com-
partment and it is connected to the vent hose from the
fuel tank and via a hose to the air cleaner. When the en-
gine runs, fresh air is sucked through the charcoal filter
and further to the carburetor. The filter will then be
cleaned from petrol. The combustion exhaust emission
control system consists of:
To comply with
in the USA, cars atte
tain equipment. As fr
1. Deceleration valve (see deceleration system, Ford car-
buretor).
2. Carburetor with connections for deceleration valve
and modulating choke.
3. Adaptional distributor advance curves. See group 3.
. Delay valve, see group 3.
5. Air cleaner incorporating thermostatically controlled
valve assembly. See section 232.
>
S3MEB
EVAPORATIVE LOSS CONTROL UNIT
1. Fuel tank
2. Fuel transmitter
3. Fuel pump
4. Fuel filter
5. Carburetor
6. Suction silencer with aircleaner
7. Drain plug (accessible from be
Para neath the car)
9. Charcoal canister
Febr 1977
Page 119
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Removal of power unit
if the entire power unit is to be lifted Out, see group 4
To lift out the engine only, proceed as follows:
1, Disconnect the battery earth cable from
2. Remove the hood by opening it wide and then re-
moving the locking springs for the hood hinges
Disconnect the hose for the windshield washer.
Now grip the hinge stay, bending it slightly in-
wards to release the pin on one side. An assistant
will hold the hood on the other side and heip to
lift it off.
Remove the water container and the pump of the
headlight washer.
REMOVAL OF ENGINE HOOD
3. Drain off the cooling water through the radiator
draining tap. To ensure that draining will be as ef-
fective as possible, bleed the system through the
bleed nipple on the heat exchanger. Save the cool-
ant.
Up to and incl. model 1968:
4. Disconnect the headlight and direction indicator
cables.
5. Back off the four screws for the front panel and
detach the two radiator supports from the car
body. Detach the clamping straps from the radiator
and remove the hood lock and control wire.
Model 1969—1970:
4. Remove the headligh
the headlight cables.
5. Back off the four screws for the front panel and
detach the two radiator supports from the Me :
body. Detach the clamping straps from the racia
tor and remove the control wire.
As from model 1971 (with headlight washer) : ‘
4. Remove the headlight decor frames. Disconnec
he re-
the hoses for the headlight washers oe cables.
spective nozzles, Disconnect the headlig
t decor frames. Disconnect
Febr 1977
the battery.
5. a. Back off the four screws for the front panel and
detach the two radiator supports from the car
body. Detach the clamping straps from the ra-
diator and remove the control wire.
b. Bend the upper bracket of the expansion tank
backwards, so that the headlight cleaner motor
goes clear.
c. Detach the cables from the headlight wiper mo-
tor (note the connection positions of the cables).
REMOVAL OF FASTENING SCREWS, FRONT PLATE
6. Remove the front panel, taking great care to avoid
damaging the paintwork.
REMOVAL OF FRONT PLATE
201-1
Page 120
10.
11,
12.
13.
14,
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
24,
22.
23.
24.
20:
REMO
HOOK 78 62 022
201-2
Disconnect the upper coolant hose from the engine
and the lower coolant hose from the radiator.
Back off and remove the two lower radiator retain-
ing screws and remove the radiator, and the expa
sion tank,
Disconnect all hoses and cables from the engine.
Note the positions of the cable connections on the
alternator.
Remove the air cleaner. Cover carburetor air inlet
to prevent the entry of foreign matter into the en-
gine.
Disconnect the throttle control and the
support, as well as the preheater casing.
Back off and remove the flange nuts for the ex-
haust pipes at the cylinder heads. Remove the low-
er clamps for the exhaust pipes at the engine cush-
ions.
Remove the rubber cushions for the middle ex-
haust pipe from under the floor.
Remove the spacers at the cylinder heads and low-
er the muffler as far as possible.
Remove the two front engine cushions, working
from above.
Remove the alternator and its bracket.
Disconnect the water-distribution pipe from the
cylinder block and water pump.
Attach the lifting hook 78 62 022.
Lift the unit about 2 in. (50 mm) to provide a free
forward passage for the engine oil pan.
Place a suitable wooden block under the gear box
engine side
as a trestle.
Disconnect the starter motor.
Remove the protective plate in front of the flywheel.
Back off and remove the screws in the dividing sur-
face between the engine and the clutch housing.
Pull the engine carefully from the gear box until
the clutch shaft slides out of the clutch center.
Lift out the engine.
VAL AND INSTALLATION OF ENGINE WITH LIFTING
O©ON
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
e engine compartment for
e into th
with the gearbox. Use lifting
. refully towards the gearbox so
h center engages the clutcn shaft and
ging the crankshaft bush-
ing- ews in the dividing surface between the
futch housing.
engin late for the flywheel. Apply
Refit the protective p
Loctite to lock the screws.
Reconnect the starter motor. . .
Reconnect the water-distribution pipe.
Refit the alternator and the fan belt.
Lift the unit slightly and remove the wooden block
from under the gear box.
Lower the engine into position and tighten the
front engine cushions. :
Reconnect the exhaust pipes to the cylinder heads.
Fit new gaskets.
Refit the clamps for the exhaust pipes and the sus-
pension under the car.
Reconnect the throttle control.
Reconnect all hose and cable connections to the en-
gine, starter motor and alternator.
CAUTION
Do not confuse the cables to the alternator, as this
may result in ruining the latter.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24,
25.
26.
Refit the air cleaner.
Refit the radiator and the expansion tank. Connect
the lower coolant hose before tightening the lower
retaining screws.
Connect the upper coolant hose.
Refit the front panel and the radiator clamping
straps.
Refit the radiator stays and the hood lock.
Reconnect the headlight and direction indicator
cables. Mount the water container and the pump of
the headlight washer.
Zi the cooling system and bleed the system.
ee the engine oil level. Top up if necessary.
econnect the earth cable to the battery and refit
the engine hood.
Check th j i :
Eee e headlight alignment. Adjust if necessary.
a ae engine. Note the oil pressure and coolant
perature, Check the coolant level when the en-
ine
<b been run up to the Warm condition.
the car out for a test run.
Febr 1977