Page 291
WINDSHIELD WIPERS
General
Up to and incl. model 1973:
The windshield wipers are powered by an electric motor
that imparts motion to the wiper blades through a gear
housing and linkage system. The motor is mounted on a
bracket on the dash panel and attached to a bracket and
the car body.
The spindles are driven by a crank rod and wires. They
are located in the mounting arm, which in turn is screwed
to the body.
Model 1974:
The windshield wiper motor is located on the right side
of the dash panel. The movement is transmitted from
the motor gear housing via a reciprocating flexible cable
to gears attached to the wiper spindles. The cable runs
in a steel tube between the wiper motor and the two
spindles.
The motor is equipped with a self-parking device so that
the wiper blades always come to rest at the bottom of
the windshield no matter what Position they are in when
the motor is switched off.
WINDSHIELD WIPERS, MODEL 1974
Dec. 1975 SAAB 363-1
Page 292
Windshield wiper motor
Function
In the wiper motor, the drive is transmitted to the linkage
system (flexible cable) through a gear housing. The motor
is fed from the battery through the ignition contact and
via a fuse, the switch and a contact device in the gear hous-
ing. This last is in action throughout the greater part of
the blade stroke, giving the motor two alternative ground-
ing routes while the wiper switch is on.
Each time the blades reach the limit of travel at which
they are normally parked, the contact in the gear housing
breaks. If the switch is off when this happens, the motor
and blades come to rest in that position.
Lubrication
The rotor of the wiper motor is journaled in self-lubricat-
ing bearings, and the gear housing is packed with grease at
the factory. Regular lubrication is not necessary.
Removal up to and incl. model 1973
1, Disconnect the power leads, noting how they are con-
nected. The plate above the gear housing on the under-
side of the wiper motor carries instructions for con-
necting the terminals.
As from 1971 model: drain off some of the engine
coolant and remove the expansion tank.
2. Disconnect the wiper mechanism linkage from the
crank arm of the motor.
3. Unscrew the nuts holding the motor bracket to the
mounting frame and the screws holding the bracket
to the body.
4. Lift out the wiper motor.
Install in the reverse order.
REMOVAL OF WINDSHIELD WIPER MOTOR, UP TO AND
INCL. MODEL 1973
Removal of windshield wiper motor, model 1974
. Remove the wiper arms from the wiper spindles.
motor.
. Remove the nut that holds the steel tube to the wiper
. Release the wiper motor and remove the motor and
the flexible cable. (Pull the cable out of the tube.)
REMOVAL OF WIPER MOTOR AND FLEXIBLE CABLE
Installation
1. Guide the wiper motor’s flexible cable into the tube
while twisting the tube so that the gears on the spin-
dies mesh with the cable.
2. Mount the wiper motor on the dash panel and con-
nect it to the steel tube.
3. Test run the wipers and note on which side the spin-
dles rest when the motor is switched off. (This test is
made to prevent the wiper arm from moving in the
wrong direction when the wiper motor is switched
on.)
4. Fit the wiper arms.
Dec. 1975
Page 293
Wiper mechanism, 1970 and earlier models
Removing
1. Remove the wiper motor (see above).
2. Remove the rubber seal by prying it loose with a screw-
driver.
REMOVING THE RUBBER SEAL
wo
. Remove the wiper blades and arms.
4. Take out the fresh-air hoses on the left-hand and right-
hand sides of the engine compartment.
5. Remove the fan housing complete with fan motor and
cover plate (see group 8). On right-hand-drive cars this
operation is easier if the clutch master cylinder is un-
bolted and lifted away.
6. Undo the spindle nuts. Take off the washers and rub-
ber rings and push out the spindles through the holes
in the body.
TYING A STRING TO THE WIPER LINKAGE
7. Tie a string or wire to the linkage (see illustration), The
String will be pulled through the “tunnel” and used
later to assist reassembly of the mechanism.
8. Pull out the wiper mechanism to the right and then
untie the string from the linkage.
Dec, 1975,
REMOVING THE WIPER MECHANISM
Installing
1. Tie the string previously pulled through the tunnel to
the wiper linkage. Insert the wiper mechanism from
the right while an assistant pulls on the string from
the left to guide the linkage through the opening in
the bodywork.
2. Fit the rubber seal.
3. Mount the wiper motor.
4. Fit the wiper arms and blades and check the opera-
tion of the wipers.
5. Mount the fan housing and cover plate. Remount the
clutch master cylinder if previously unbolted (RHD
cars only).
6. Connect the fresh-air hoses.
Wiper mechanism, 1971—1973 models
To remove or install the wiper mechanism it is necessary
to unbolt the heater core unit and move it forward. (The
reason for this is that an extra fresh-air intake to the pas-
senger compartment has been introduced, leaving less
space behind the heater core.)
Otherwise the procedure is as described above. For remov-
al of the heater core see group 8.
Wiper mechanism, model 1974
Removal
1. Remove the wiper arms and the wiper motor.
2. Undo the base plates on the spindle housings with
a 3/8” wrench so the tubes can be detached from the
spindle housings.
3. Undo the retaining nuts on the top of the dash panel
and remove the spindle housings. Put the washer and
rubber bushings in a safe place.
Page 294
Installation
1. Mount the spindle housings on the dash panel plate
with the rubber bushings, washers and nuts. Do not
tighten the nuts.
2. Guide the tubes into their positions between the spin-
die housings and their base plates.
3. Insert the flexible cable while twisting to facilitate
meshing and check that it runs smoothly.
4. Tighten the spindle nuts.
5. Mount the wiper motor on the dash panel and con-
nect it to the steel tube.
6. Test run the wipers and note on which side the spin-
dies rest when the motor is switched off. (This test
is made to prevent the wiper arm from moving in the
wrong direction when the wiper motor is switched
on.)
7. Fit the wiper arms.
Wiper mechanism wires, up to and incl. model 1973
If a wire is derailed from its pulley, refit it by first un-
screwing the nut from the wire grip and then replacing
the wire on the pulley as shown in the following series of
illustrations.
363-4
REFITTING DERAILED WIPER MECHANISM WIRE
Wiper blade parking position
Adjust the parking position of the wipers by altering the
position of the crank arm on the motor shaft.
Windshield washer
The windshield washer consists of an electrically driven
centrifugal pump. Up to and incl. model 1972: The mo-
tor is mounted on the filler cap of the water container
with a shaft transmission to the pump inside the container.
In models from 1973 and Saab 99 EMS models from
1972, the motor is located on the outlet side of the water
container and connected to the container by a hose. If
the motor is disassembled for any reason, its bushings
should be oiled before reassembly.
SAAB Dec. 1975
Page 295
HEADLIGHT WIPER AND WASHER Electric wiring and operation
Model 1971
General
Control lever in neutral (0)
As from the 1971 model, Saab 99 cars destined for certain
markets are equipped with a headlight cleaning system. This When the ignition is switched on, current is supplied to
consists of a wiper and washer unit powered by separate terminals 53a of the wiper motors. The motors go to the
electric motors which are operated by the same control parking position when a spring-loaded contact device in
lever as the windshield wipers and washer, each motor breaks the circuit between terminals 53a and
53, The contact devise stops the motor very quickly by
cutting in terminal 31b and thereby shorting out the rotor
windings. This arrangement is necessary in order to stop
the motor during the short time the contact is actuated
by the cam; otherwise the motor would continue to run
after being switched off, especially when blade resistance
is low and the voltage across the motor is high.
HEADLIGHT WIPER MECHANISM
+ +
—— Se = ee =
! i i
| i Motor ; i
i : headlight Motor wind- !
; | cleaner shield.wipers l
H oh M l
! | i
t. ee aA Pi i
3b. 530% 53
Pump engine
— | 67 ie 3
|670 +P Dos |
Rey | = KI fialey id
Relay, engine L&. 86 865 685 OPT |
headlight L |
cleaner — rire
Vv
WIRING DIAGRAM, HEADLIGHT WIPER AND WASHER MODEL 1971
Dec. 1975 SAAB 363-5
Page 296
j Motor
« headlight
! cleaner
1b: 5309 = 53
Relay, engine
headlight
cleaner
Motor wind- |
shield wipers «
WIRING DIAGRAM, HEADLIGHT WIPER AND WASHER AS FROM MODEL 1972
Control lever at 1
Current is supplied to the windshield wiper motor only
(low speed) via terminals 54 and 53 of the control switch.
At the same time the circuit is broken between terminal
31b and ground in the switch to prevent shorting when
the contact device in the motor makes the circuit be-
tween terminals 53 and 31b.
Control lever at 2
Current is supplied to the windshield wiper motor (high
speed) and to relay | via terminals 54 arid 53b of the
switch. The coil in relay | is energized, attracting the
relay contact to the lower position. This cuts in the
coil of relay II, pulling down the contacts. The lower
contact supplies current to the headlight wiper motor,
while the upper one breaks the circuit between terminals
87a and 87 to prevent shorting when the contact device
in the motor links terminals 53 and 31b. A diode con-
nected to terminal 53b on the windshield wiper motor
Prevents current from “leaking back”’ through the rotor
winding in the wiper motor to set the headlight wipers
going when the windshield wipers are sweeping at low
speed (control lever position 1).
Control lever at 3
The same functions operate here as in position 2, but
the switch now grounds terminal 54¢, thereby starting
both pump motors.
Control lever at 4
When the control lever is pulled back towards the steering
wheel, it trips a spring-loaded contact that starts both
pump motors by grounding terminal 54c. At the same
time terminal 85 on relay II is grounded via relay | (the
contact in this relay in the upper position) and terminal
54c to start the headlight wipers.
Electric wiring and operation as from the 1972 model
As from the 1972 model, the switch for the wiper/washer
has been changed. The control relay (relay 1) and the
diode have been dispensed with. Regarding the wiring,
see the diagram in section 371.
Jan. 1973
Page 297
Wiper motor
Removal and installation
1. Remove the headlight trim frames and grilles,
2. Remove the crank arm from the wiper motor and
the nut from the shaft.
. Remove the battery.
. Disconnect the wires from the wiper motor.
5. Remove the screw which holds the wiper motor to
the fan cover. The motor can then be removed, Take
care of the spacers on the shaft,
Install in the reverse order,
NOTE! The screw in the wiper motor crank arm must be
tightened to a torque of 7.2 ft.lb. (10 Nm, 1.0 kpm) and
locked with Loctite.
Fw
ee
sue
WIRE CONNECTIONS AND COLORS, HEADLIGHT WIPER
MOTOR
1, Red to “53a”
2. Yellow to ’31b”
3. Brown to 53”
NOTE
For normal use of the wipers, a fuse for a maximum
current of 3 amp. is to be fitted in order to avoid
damage to the wiper motor if the wipers freeze onto
the glass.
While testing the assembly (dry headlight glass), an
8 amp. fuse may be temporarily fitted.
Dec. 1975
Wiper mechanism
Removal and installation
1. Remove the headlight trim frames and grilles.
2. Prize apart the ball joint between the push rod and the
crank arm of the motor.
LOOSE THE CRANK ARM FROM THE PUSH ROD
3. Unhook the springs which hold the wiper shaft bushings
to the front sheet.
4. Up to and incl. model 1972:
Remove the screw which holds the central bushing to
the anchorage bracket. The wiper mechanism can then
be removed.
Install in the reverse order.
Before the springs and bushings are fitted, the recesses
in the front sheet must be greased on both sides.
The central bushing must be placed on the back of the
bracket and the locking washer must be placed between
the central bushing and the bracket. Tighten the locking
screw so that the bushing does not follow the movement
of the wiper and thus lock the mechanism,
FITTING THE CENTRAL BUSHING
SAAB 363-7
Page 298
4. As from model 1973:
Remove the four screws, holding the protecting cover
and remove the cover together with the wiper mecha-
nism.
Install in the reverse order.
Before the springs and bushings are fitted, the recesses in
the front sheet must be greased on both sides.
PROTECTING COVER WITH WIPER MECHANISM, AS FROM
MODEL 1973
Adjustments
1. Adjust the parking position of the wipers by altering
the length of the push rod.
ADJUSTING THE PARKING POSITION OF THE HEADLIGHT
WIPERS
363-8
2. Adjust cord tension by slackening the set screw in the
cord attachment bushings and then moving the bushings
to stretch the cords.
ADJUSTING CORD TENSION
3. Check the pressure of the wiper blades on the head-
light glasses and make sure that the bushing does not
stick in the recesses in the front sheet. The pressure
of the wiper blades, measured in the parked position,
must not exceed 11 oz (3 N, 300 p).
CRC 5.56 or similar is a suitable lubricant for the
bushings.
4. Check that the wiper shafts are parallel (as seen from
the front). If necessary, adjust by bending the bracket
forwards or backwards, (up to and incl. model 1972).
5. Check that the central bushing is not loose and that
it does not follow the movement of the wipers.
Lubricate the central bushing with CRC 5.56 or similar.
Changing wiper blades
1. Release the catch on the wiper shaft and pull off the
wiper blade.
2. Fit a new wiper blade on the shaft and secure the catch.
SAAB Jan. 1973
Page 299
ELECTRICAL CONTROLS AND SWITCHES
Generat
The ignition switch is located on the gear lever console
and is combined with the starter switch and gear lever
security lock,
To protect the ignition switch contacts against excessively
high currents, an extra relav is fitted. The windshield
RADIATOR FAN RELAY AND IGNITION SWITCH RELAY”
1. Ignition switch relay
2. Radiator fan relay
wipers and washer, the radiator.fan relay, the ventilator
fan and the backup lights are supplied with current via
this relay, which is located by the fuse box.
Engines with electronic fuel injection are provided with
a master relay for the injection system and a relay for
the fuel pump.
$3196
REALYS, INJECTION ENGINE
1. Ignition relay 3. Master relay
2, Radiator fan relay 4. Fuel pump relay
The stop light contact is mechanical with direct actuation
by the brake pedal. When actuated it supplies current to
the stop lights.
In cars with manual transmission the backup light switch
is located to the left of the gear lever under the console and
is tripped by the gear lever when reverse gear is engaged,
whereupon the back-up lights light up.
Jan. 1972
STOP LIGHTS CONTACT AND BRAKE WARNING CONTACT
1. Stop lights contact
2. Brake warning contact
BACK-UP LIGHT SWITCH, MANUAL TRANSMISSION
In cars with automatic transmission the contact is mounted
on the front of the transmission casing and is combined
with the starter interlock. With reference to the setting
of the contact, see under “Automatic transmission” in
group 4,
BACK-UP LIGHT SWITCH, AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
SAAB 364—1
Page 300
The switch that operates the handbrake warning light is
located on the right of the handbrake lever under the
console and is actuated by the movement of the hand- As from chassis No. 99.005.444 a new ignition and start-
brake lever. er switch has been introduced with five terminals instead
of six as previously. The two types of switch are fully
interchangeable if the wires are connected as shown in
the diagrams below.
Ignition and starter switch
Green/white to "15"
Red to "15"
Yellow to 50”
Brown/white to "75"
Gray to "30"
STARTER SWITCH TYPE 837443 UP TO CHASSIS NO. S 2361
99.005.443
HANDBRAKE WARNING LIGHT SWITCH
The switch that operates the trunk light is located at the
left hinge of the trunk lid.
TRUNK LIGHT SWITCH
Saab 99 Combi Coupé: STARTER SWITCH TYPE 837456 FROM CHASSIS NO.
The switch that operates the trunk light is located at the 99.005.444
rear door striker. 1. Brown/white to "54"
2. Yellow to 50"
3. Green/white to “15”
4. Gray to "30"
5. Red to "X"
TRUNK LIGHT SWITCH SAAB 99 COMBI COUPE
364-2 SAAB Dec. 1975